The following factions have been renamed:

Basques => Duchy of Vasconia

Danmork => Danir
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The following emergent faction has been renamed:

Kingdom of Parthia => Kingdom of Tabaristan:
The Dabuyid Dynasty first appeared in 642 and lasted until 760 AD as independent rulers of the region of Tabaristan and the western part of Khorasan.
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The following factions had their emblems changed as well as recolored on the campaign map:

Kingdom of Meath

Avar Khaganate

Great Bulgaria

Khazars

Khazar Hordes

The following emergent factions were renamed:

1) Status Escclesiasticus(Papal States) => Duchy of Rome:
The Papal States weren't formed until 756 so a little over a century too early for 634 AD but the Duchy of Rome although established in the late 7th century is bit more accurate choice.

2) Gutisks Drobna => Ducatus Hispanorum (Duchy of the Hispani)

3) Sorbski Puntar => Sorbs

4) Fri Oster Rike => Kingdom of Austrasia

5) Tripolitanian Tribes => Adassa:
A tribe that was based in northeastern Libya

6) Libyan Tribes => Luata:
A tribe that was based in northern Libya
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The Muslim factions were named after modern Islamic movements so I renamed them to nomadic Arab tribes on the Arabian Peninsula.

7) Imarat al-Qauqaz al-Islamiyya(Islamic Emirate of the Caucasus) => Ostikanate of Arminya:
Although the Ostikanate doesn't get established until 654 AD felt it was a more appropriate choice.

8) Muslim Incursion => Banu Judham

9) Shia - Followers of Iman Ali => Banu Tamim

10) Ansar al-Sharia => Banu Taghlib

11) Harakat Sham al-Islam => Banu Kalb

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Given the spawn locations for immersive role-playing the following factions were renamed:

12) Gepidi => Kingdom of Gepidia:
The Gepid kingdom was called Gepidia by the Romans

13) Ilithioi tis Syrias(The Idiots of Syria) => Kingdom of Osroene:
Was an ancient kingdom in Upper Mesopotamia centered around the city of Edessa that existed from 132 BC to 244 AD.

14) Christianoi Pistoi(Faithful Christians) => Kingdom of Palmyra

15) Pontioi Stasiastes(Pontian Fighters) => Kingdom of Pontus

16) Suebi => Regnum Galicia (Kingdom of Galicia):
The Suebi Kingdom was also known as the Kingdom of Galicia

17) Bryttisc Reaferas => Kingdom of Powys

18) Makran => Kingdom of Sindh:
Was a kingdom under the rule of the Brahmin Dynasty that existed from 632 to 712 which was located in the Sindh region but also included parts of southeastern Makran.

19) Parthia => Kingdom of Parthia

20) Afrighids => Kingdom of Khwarazm:
The Afrighids ruled the territory of Kharazm as shahs (kings) after they liberated themselves from the Parthian Empire suggesting to a possible kingdom.
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I've also changed the emblems for the Roman and Sassanid Empires as well as recolored them on the campaign map to match their new emblems

I've also updated the attack and defend descriptions for all the factions that were renamed.

Text hotfix for the faction of the Srbi

Reverted the following factions back to the names they originally had as well changing all related text:

Croats ==> Hrvati

Serbs ==> Srbi

Balts ==> Baltai

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Fixed the name of faction leaders and dynasties for the following factions:

Marzbanate of Armenia = Varaztirots II Bagratuni = Bagratid Dynasty

Kingdom of Fortriu = Gartnait III

The following factions were renamed:

Abasgia ==> Principality of Abasgia

Exarchatos tis Ravennas ==> Exarchate of Ravenna

Eastseaxna Rice ==> Kingdom of Essex

Hrvati ==> Croats

Armenia ==> Marzbanate of Armenia

Albania ==> Principality of Albania

Bakr bin Wa'il ==> Banu Bakr

Akhwsem ==> Kingdom of Aksum

Miercna ==> Kingdom of Mercia

Burgundara ==> Kingdom of Burgundy:
A frankish subkingdom that was established in the early 6th century after the Franks conquered the Kingdom of the Burgundians.

Korotan ==> Principality of Carantania:
This Slavic principality didn't form until the collapse of Samo's Empire or the Kingdom of Samo in 658 AD so this faction is about two decades early.

Basileia ton Rhomaion ==> Roman Empire

Rioghacht Eiren (Kingdom of Ireland) ==> Kingdom of Meath:
The Kingdom of Ireland didn't form until the early 16th century and going by placement on the map the Kingdom of Meath is the most historically accurate of the five petty kingdoms of Ireland in the 7th century.

Franka Rike ==> Kingdom of Frankia

Al-Ghasasinh ==> Kingdom of Ghassan

Baltai ==> Balts

Ducatus et Principatus Beneventi (Duchy and Principality of Benevento) ==> Duchy of Benevento:
In 634 AD Benevento was a duchy and wasn't until 774 after the fall of the Lombard kingdom that it became a principality.

Gokturk Khaganate ==> Western Turkic Khaganate:
The khaganate had been split into a Western and Eastern Turkic Khaganate since the end of the civil war in 603 AD.

Kartli Saevismtauro ==> Principality of Iberia

Al-Khilafah Ar-Rasidah ==> Rashidun Caliphate

Regnum Langobardorum (Kingdom of the Lombards) ==> Regnum totius Italiae(Kingdom of all Italy):
In 603 AD the Lombard king crowned himself Gratia Dei rex totius Italiae, "By the grace of God king of all Italy".

Lazica ==> Kingdom of Lazica

Difensores Aqaue ==> Duchy of Provence
Should really be the Duchy of Provence as it's been around since 508 AD when the Ostrogoths first established it and the Franks taking part control of the duchy in 536 AD.

Herizogtuom Alammania ==> Duchy of Alammania

Teyrnas Gwynedd ==> Kingdom of Gwynedd

La Firu Fortrenn (the men of Fortriu) ==> Kingdom of Fortriu

Euskaldunak ==> Basques

Eranshahr ==> Sassanid Empire

Seaxan ==> Saxons

Srbi ==> Serbs

Herizgotuom Bajuwaria ==> Duchy of Bavaria

Herizgotuom Toringia ==> Duchy of Thuringia

Połobske słowjany ==> Wends

Samova Rise ==> Kingdom of Samo

Gutpiudas Piudinassus (Visigothic Kingdom) ==> Regnum Toletanum(Kingdom of Toledo):
The Visigoths capital was in Toledo at this point in time, so their kingdom became known as the Kingdom of Toledo.

Exarchato tis Afriskis ==> Exarchate of Africa
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The following factions had their Dynasties renamed:

Principality of Abasgia ==> Abasgian Dynasty:
Found no record of the current dynasty in 634 AD.

Exarchate of Ravenna ==> Kamasarakan Clan:
The current Exarch was from this clan

Kingdom of Essex ==> House of Essex:
Same reason as for Abasgia

Great Bulgaria ==> Dulo Clan:
The founder and current ruler of Great Bulgaria is from this clan.

Principality of Albania ==> Mihranid Dynasty

Kingdom of Aksum ==> Aksumite Dynasty

Kingdom of Mercia ==> Iclingas Dynasty

Kingdom of Burgundy ==> Mervovingian Dynasty:
As a subkingdom of Frankia it falls under the ruling Merovingian dynasty.

Roman Empire ==> Heraclian Dynasty

Kingdom of Meath ==> Clan Cholmain

Kingdom of Frankia ==> Merovingian Dynasty

Kingdom of Ghassan ==> Ghassanid Dynasty

Western Turkic Khaganate ==> Ashina Clan

Khazars ==> Ashina Clan

Principality of Iberia ==> Chosroid Dynasty

Rashidun Caliphate ==> The Caliphate:
Was going to rename it the Rashidun Dynasty but there is script name change in 661 AD that renames them into the Umayyads so it would have been immersion breaking.

Regnum totius Italiae ==> Bavarian Dynasty:
There was no ruling dynasty in 634 AD after Ariaold coup' état in 625 AD so renamed to the then ruling dynasty.

Kingdom of Gwynedd ==> Maelgyning Dynasty

Kingdom of Fortriu ==> House of Uuid:
Found no record of a ruling dynasty so named it after the father of the current ruler.

Sassanid Empire ==> House of Sasan

Duchy of Bavaria ==> Agilolfings Dynasty

Duchy of Thuringia ==> House of Chamar:
Same reason as the Kingdom of Fortriu

Kingdom of Samo ==> House of Samo

Regnum Toletanum ==> Sisenand Dynasty:
The Visigoths didn't have a ruling dynasty so named it after the current ruler

Exarchate of Africa ==> Heraclian Dynasty:
The current Exarch was a distant relative of Emperor Heraclius

Avar Khaganate ==> Bayan Clan:
There are no records of the Khagans from 630 to 677 so named it after the founder of the khaganate
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The following factions were recolored on the campaign map to match their emblems:

Kingdom of Essex

Western Turkic Khaganate

Kingdom of Gwynedd

Great Bulgaria
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I've also updated the attack and defend descriptions for the factions that were renamed.