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Hispanic and Latino Americans
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For other uses, see Latina (disambiguation) and Latino (disambiguation).
Not to be confused with Latin Americans or the inhabitants of Hispanic America.
Hispanic and Latino Americans
Total population
c. 56,592,793[1]
Regions with significant populations
Across the country, especially in the Southwestern United States as well as in urban areas.
Languages
American English, Spanish, and Portuguese
Religion
Predominantly Roman Catholic;[2]
minority of Protestants.[2]
Minorities in numerous other religions.[2][3]
Related ethnic groups
Latin Americans, Spaniards, White Latin Americans, Criollos, American Indians, Afro-Latin Americans, Asian Latin Americans, Mestizos, Mulattoes, Pardos, Castizos, Tejanos, Chicanos, Nuyoricans, Portuguese Americans [4]
Hispanic Americans and Latino Americans (Spanish: hispanos [isˈpanos], latinos) are American citizens who are descendants of the peoples of the Spanish-speaking countries of Latin America (Spanish Empire).[5][6][7] More generally, it includes all persons in the United States who self-identify as Hispanic or Latino, whether of full or partial ancestry.[8][9][10][11] For the US census in 2010, American Community Survey, people counted as "Hispanic" or "Latino" are those who identify as one of the specific Hispanic or Latino categories listed on the census or ACS questionnaire ("Mexican," "Puerto Rican," or "Cuban") as well as those who indicate that they are "other Spanish, Hispanic, or Latino." The national origins classified as Hispanic or Latino by the U.S. Census Bureau are the following: Spain, Argentina, Cuba, Colombia, Puerto Rico, Mexico, Dominican Republic, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, El Salvador, Bolivia, Chile, Ecuador, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay, and Venezuela. Other U.S. government agencies have slightly different definitions of the term, including Brazilians and other Portuguese-speaking groups. The Census Bureau uses the terms Hispanic and Latino interchangeably.[12]
Origin can be viewed as the ancestry, nationality group, lineage, or country of birth of the person or the person's parents or ancestors before their arrival in the United States. People who identify as Spanish, Hispanic, or Latino may be of any race.[13][14][15][16] As the only specifically designated category of ethnicity in the United States (other than non-Hispanic/Latino), Hispanics form a pan-ethnicity incorporating a diversity of inter-related cultural and linguistic heritages. Most Hispanic Americans are of Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban, Salvadoran, Dominican, Guatemalan, or Colombian origin. The predominant Hispanic origin varies widely across the country.[14][17][18][19][20]
Hispanic Americans are the second fastest-growing ethnic group in the United States after Asian Americans.[21] Hispanic/Latinos overall are the second-largest ethnic group in the United States, after non-Hispanic Whites (a group which, like Hispanics and Latinos, is composed of dozens of sub-groups of differing national origin).[22]
Hispanics have occupied territory of the present-day United States continuously[23][24][25][26] since the sixteenth-century founding by the Spanish of Saint Augustine, Florida. After Native Americans, Hispanics are the oldest ethnic group to inhabit much of what is today the United States. Many have Native American ancestry.[27][28][29][30] Spain colonized large areas of what is today the American Southwest and West Coast, including present-day California, New Mexico, Arizona, and Texas, all of which were under the Republic of Mexico after its independence in the 19th century and until the end of the Mexican–American War