I believe that Debug disables Achievements, for those who are wondering. I have not unlocked anything new since enabling the mod.

**Important for many commands is your Faction's Console Name. Find this by within the "save game" part of the menu. Your faction will be the word in front of the word "save". This word, with the first letter Capitalized, plus the word Council, with the C capitalized, will be the name your faction is recognized by in the console. So the Resistance would be "ResistCouncil", the Initiative is "ExploitCouncil", the Protectorate is "AppeaseCouncil", and so on.

A few things that are important to know:
Give CP Country, (Factiongoal)Council will give you the leftmost UNOWNED Control Point. It will not give you anything already held by a faction.
The Propoganda command. I am not certain what it is supposed to do. I thought it would add public opinion in your favor, but I saw no changes aside from the fact that AFTER use, it seemed to make my results from successful Public Campaign far less impactful, often increasing public opinion by between 2 and 0%.
The command that lets you change player faction. MAKE A SAVE BEFORE TRYING IT. It let me see what everything the other faction has and is doing, as if I was that faction, *however*, I could not interact with councilors in any faction, even my own once I switched back. This essentially locked the game. Perhaps this could be fixed with the Autoplay command, but I have not tried that.
The giveresource command. Influence and Money are entered as exactly that, but Ops is Operations in the console.
The give tech command, and the give project command. ~~It seems to work as intended, except I cannot find any place where the console names of the techs are listed, and thus I have not successfully used it.~~ Works fine! See the guide for finding the tech and project names in the localization files below!
All of the reveal and intel commands, the ones that reveal bases and ops and so on for aliens or human factions, seem to work as it says it will.
The Prospect command basically reveals the content of the written solar body, as if a probe examines it. It could reveal alien structures built there, though I have not tested this.
Regimechange will act as though the subject country was invaded and occupied/conquered by .... one of your countries. I am not positive how it determines the conquering country, but I do know that once I had the Pan-Asian Combine researched, giving claims for much of Asia to China, that it would cause an Asian nation conquered to be conquered by China and absorbed. Be aware that each time a nation "Conquers" another, it worsens some of their stability stats. Specifically, after a few conquests China was at 9 unrest and totalitarian government. Also, sometimes the command just crashes your game, I am not sure what causes this.
StartCoup also just sometimes crashes your game, but if it works, it will Coup the country, either making all CP unaligned or giving you the left most one and freeing the rest.
nosecrets will show you all info on other factions, including revealing all of their councilors. You can use this to reveal all aliens currently on the planet!
alieninfo, I think is the command, will print out the current resources owned by the Aliens. From Money to Exotic Materials.

You can find the Console name for just about any thing you need, from Country tags, to Projects, to Techs, to Events, by going through your files and finding this folder:
C:\Program Files (x86)\Steam\steamapps\common\Terra Invicta\TerraInvicta_Data\StreamingAssets\Localization\en (/en is assuming you are playing in english/on an english keyboard. If you are on another keyboard, open the file that matches what you are using. JP for Japanese, FR for French, etc.

I will edit and add to this as we learn more! Thanks for reading. Reply to me with corrections or more info!