Get the mechanoid calldown thing (should be a T1 research) and call down ship parts. You get fragments from the ship itself and the mechanoids.
Just mortar the ship down and let the bots run into your killbox.

If you use Save our ship using archolopes from archolife pods is a nice scalable source of exotic particles which can be turn in to fragments.

if you use calll trade ships, misc+ robots you can call their ships which sell archotech furniture for some odd reason then deconstruct all it