In this guide you will find a list with all tradeable goods, their base prices and where to craft/get them, as well as all crafting recipes in a list.
Additionally I will start with a short introduction to production chains and hot to use them to make money and grow your provinces.

If you see any wrong or missing information, please let me know in the comments!

I will only guide quickly through most basics of crafting, as I will use this guide mostly for myself as a crafting cheatsheet. A more detailed guide regarding crafting and trading by Limdood can be found here:
https://psteamcommunity.yuanyoumao.com/sharedfiles/filedetails/?id=3438425743
In this guide, I will list all crafting recipes of all workshops separately. If you enjoy a more condensed view, I recommend this guide by robertkulbeth:
https://psteamcommunity.yuanyoumao.com/sharedfiles/filedetails/?id=3487864200

Selling wares to provinces has three benefits:

• The province can fullfill their basic needs. This will help with the provinces growth.
  
• The workshops in the province use the provided materials to produce raw goods faster.
  
• You make more money $$$

For the basics, the commodities are divided into 8 groups:

Goods, Fabric: Basic commodities that can be used for crafting. Can only be sold to very specific provinces.
Food, Beverage, Clothing: Basic commodities a province needs to fullfill their growth needs.
Masonry, Lumber, Metal: Materials needed for workshops to work efficiently.

Additionally, the commodities can be divided into two processing groups:

Raw resources: Used for crafting. You can only sell them to provinces that actually use them, for example if they have a workshop that uses this commodity for crafting. Commodities of the "Goods" and "Fabric" groups count as raw resources.
Crafted goods: They can be sold to pretty much any province to fullfill their needs. Be aware of the demand of each province though, as a fullfilled demand will not gain you a lot of profits. All other goods groups would count as crafted goods.

Generally I highly recommend to create new provinces through quests as soon as they are offered to you. Take your time to find a place that offers a good raw resource that you can process into crafted goods. As soon as the province is level 1, build a workshop that can directly use this raw resource. For example for farming goods, build a farm first so you get the raw resource. As soon as the province is level 4, you can build a workshop that can then process this raw resource into a crafted good. In the best case, you first sell the crafted goods to your own provinces to speed up their growth.

Example: You find a place that offers wild animals. Build a ranch in that province. Buy wild animals from your own province, then directly use the ranch to craft leather, which will use 2x wild animals, but will give you 2x leather and 1x meat. Both are raw resources, so to sell them, you need to find a province that can process it. Or you process them yourself directly. The meat can be already processed into cooked meat in the same ranch. This will give you a commoditie of the food group. Meaning you can sell this to any province and help their basic growth.
The leather can be processed in a clothier workshop to boots. These boots are then a commoditie of the clothing group and can also be sold to any province.


Be aware that workshops that produce raw resources also require commodities. If you can fullfill these needs, the province will produce their raw resources even faster. So it is recommended to create production chains between provinces that can support each other.

Best start by buying raw resources, instead of buying the already crafted product directly, and then step by step craft them into higher quality commodities. Some crafting recipes need a lot of different ingredients. BUT: The amount of ingredients you need to craft is also the amount you will receive when crafting. So if you invested about 150 gold for 6 ingredients that are needed for a single recipe, you will get 6x the crafted good. Each of them can be sold for sometimes up to 600 gold each!
Cost: 6x 150 = 900 Gold
Sold: 6x 600 = 3600 Gold
Profit: 2700 Gold

Some crafting recipes even need only two ingredients and will give you 3x the crafted good.

You can find a more detailed guide by Limdood here: https://psteamcommunity.yuanyoumao.com/sharedfiles/filedetails/?id=3438425743

If you accidentally built a workshop that you don't need, you can actually trash the workshop from the home menu in a city (Only in cities that you have founded). You can then build another workshop instead. The workshop itself will be ready to use after a small amount of time.

Be aware that not all crafting recipes will be available directly from the beginning. Workshops have a rating level seen on the main screen of any city. The higher the rating, the more high quality crafting recipes you can use in the workshop.

The goods listed here are all sorted by the groups as they appear in the marketplace.
I have sorted them within the groups in regards of quality level and matching uses.

Thank you for pointing out any mistakes in the guide in the comments!

This guide did not just take me 7 hours of my time to make. Oops.