Microsoft Flight Simulator (2020)

Microsoft Flight Simulator (2020)

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ILS Quick Guide for Airbus A320Neo
由 Razor 制作
This guide will explain the automated Instument Landing System in the A320 Neo. I will frequently update this guide (also with pictures and a TL;DR) in the following days.
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Prequisites
This guide assumes the following:
  • Either you planned an IFR flight in the main menu (Low or High Altitude Airways), which will provide you with a flight plan which should mostly be flown automatically, or you can follow the next section to manually set up the plan in flight via the onboard computer.
  • You know the basics of the Airbus A320N autopilot and used it to follow your flight plan to the designated arrival airport as normal. You should know how to follow flight plan waypoints, use managed and selected altitude/heading/speed mode, use the autothrottle (we only need CL and go to zero on ground contact) and find basic information on your nav display using the scaling and mode knobs.
  • You know how to contact ATC, ask for permission to land and make use of it. ATC communication is not fully covered by this guide. (The ATC window is kinda self-explanatory) Note that you might need so specify that you want an ILS approach.
  • You didnt input any values into the MCDR (input panel with keyboard above the thrust lever) yet.
  • Your designated arrival airport supports an ILS approach.

    Don't panic - this is not as difficult as it seems. Also, the worst thing that could happen is that you could crash and die along with your crew, passengers and people on the ground.
Optional - Setting up the Flight Plan and the ILS Frequency
You can skip this step if you planned an IFR flight in the main menu and intend to land at the designated arrival airport. If not, you can always do this step in flight.
(sometimes, IFR flight plans lead to glitches with the ILS systems in Flight Simulator - this step can potentially eliminate them)

Go to "Plan" mode to view the route on your nav display to confirm your waypoints in the next screen. This enables the nav display to center selected waypoints as chosen in the MCDU (the small computer with keyboard above the thrust lever, also known as FMGC). Adjust scale if necessary.
Go to the MCDU and press "F-PLN" to open the flight plan menu.
Select your destination waypoint at the bottom and choose "arrival"

"APPR" should show "ILS [designated runway]"
"STAR" (Standart Terminal Arrival) should show a waypoint which grants you entry to your approach vector.
You can change the runway below. If you do so, a yellow line on your navigation display should indicate the selected route you could select.
Use the arrow keys below the MCDU (arrow left) to select your STAR.
"VIAS" would be additional waypoints along your route. It is not unusual to have none.
Final Approach Heading shows you from which direction you will land on the runway.
Press Insert so prime your selected approach.
Your Nav display should now show a green line.


Check your instructions to the flight computer by selecting
"F-PLN" and scrolling to the bottom.

Go to "RAD NAV" (Radial Navigation)

You can see the ILS Frequency, which should be automatically tuned in. In a real A320N, you would have to do this by hand and use an external source
(SkyVector (free) for us airports is a good source for hobby pilots. A real pilot would likely use NaviGraph. These frequencies can change and might not always be up to date in Flight Simulator, although it is fairly accurate.)



Manually tuning the frequency is done via the MCDU on the "RAD NAV" display, but it is possible to to it via the Radio Panel (beginning below the MCDU keyboard) as a backup.
Optional - Preparing the Flight Management Guidance Computer
The autopilot needs some basic information about the airport, which you can get from ATC.
This will allow it to fine tune the approach, although this shouldn't be needed for most cases.
(A real pilot usually does not skip this step.)

Once in Range of the Airport Radio Stations:
Tune ATC to ATIS (usually there will be two frequencies, one for arrival and one for departure) of the designated Airport, get local weather information.
Go to the MCDU (the small computer with keyboard above the thrust lever, also known as FMGC).
Press Perf and choose "Approach" phase. Enter the weather info you just got via ATIS (QNH - the altimeter setting, wind, temperature).
Optional: Set Minima - the minimum height during approach where you need to have visual to the runway or reference lights. If you do not know the minima for your designated airport, there are several external sources you can use, examples stated in the section above. Guessing or skipping also works. Flight Simulator currently does not provide you with these values afaik.

Set your altimeter settings to the value you got from ATC. (the same value you put into the MCDU)

Choose constraint mode for your Nav display to get a rough idea of your altitude restrictions.
These are shown next to each waypoint.

If you want, you can check the next phase, which will be the "go around" in the MCDU.
Activating the ILS info
If you skipped the step above, set your altimeter settings to the value you get from ATC for your designated arrival airport and choose constraint mode for your Nav display to get a rough idea of your altitude restrictions.
These are shown next to each waypoint.

Switch on the ILS info by pressing the LS button (below the altimeter, left from autopilot). Yellow reference lines and a diamond shaped indicator will appear next to your primary artifial horizon to show the direction the the active ILS waypoint, similar to the flight director for normal waypoints.
Select ROSE LS Mode on the nav display turning knob.
Optional - adjusting the approach
Currently, it is possible to get some waypoints which the plane might find difficult to follow (mostly because there are too many of in close proximity to each other). It is expected to get improved via the next patches soon afaik.
Even though in real life this would usually not occur, there is an option to circumvent this.

In this case, you should skip to a waypoint close to the glideslope at your own discretion (final approach)

Press DIR in the MCDU and choose a ILS waypoint to skip until this point.
Arming the System
When close and facing the airport, press APR (Approach) to engage the glideslope. This will arm both the localizer and the approach. The localizer alone would not control your descent, as it only allows for two dimensional navigation.
Check in the MCDU Perf Screen if the approach phase is set, or manually choose it.
This will ignore all other waypoints.
"G/S" for glideslope next to your artificial horizon will indicate that it is armed (indicated blue), and later active (indicated green).
Same should apply to "LOC" for localizer.
Ident marker in the bottom left of the primary artificial horizon when close to the runway should show a succesful lock onto the ground based ILS components.
Glideslope
I suggest use of managed speed mode here, but keep an eye on the autothrust performance.
Be aware of the flap speed limits when setting the flaps. (Yellow markers on the speed indicator next to the artificial horizon.)
Maintain CL on the thrust lever.
Check the flight path. If needed, adjust with heading mode.
(At this point, you could set your autobrake settings. This will engage wheel brakes on contact to ground.)
Flaps and Gear
These rules of thumb work on clear days.

System
When to engage
Gear
5 - 6 NM from airport
Flap 1
10 NM from airport
Flap 2
8 NM from airport or 2000ft above ground
Flap 3
4 NM from airport
Airbrakes
use at own discretion
Final approach phase
This is where everyone should be in a brace position your work pays off.

Regularly check speed, altitude above ground and the window ahead of you if weather conditions allow you to see runway reference lights

On contact to ground:
Check plane alignment as often as possible.
Keep an eye on your speed and abort landing if needed.
Pull thrust to zero before the front wheel contacts the ground.
If you dont use autobrakes, manually use the wheel brakes.
Engage Airbrakes if needed. Correct with rudder. (You can still use it while the A/P is active.)

At around 60 Knots or whenever you feel comfortable, you can disconnect the A/P and manually taxi off the runway.
Use rudder (wheel turning) on the ground to keep the plane steady on the runway, do not come to a full stop and clear off the runway on the first occasion. Contact ATC for further instructions.
15 条留言
radek11b 2024 年 2 月 15 日 上午 11:54 
hey bro, great stuff and info...keep up the great work...im almost daily on the msfs so feel free to add me...or anyone else want to connect or fly together add me up... my name on it and here is : Radek11b
Great Day/Night/Evening/Morning Ya'll!!!
mezzopianista 2024 年 1 月 7 日 上午 3:35 
un disastro non funziona nulla nei comandi A320 neo , due settimane fa andava benissimo
ExtractionFailed 2023 年 2 月 18 日 下午 11:36 
I have just performed my first autopilot ILS !!! Thank you so much for this guide!
garycollins 2023 年 2 月 17 日 上午 5:02 
@razor Thanks for the reply. I worked it out in the end with a bit of help from the real A320 pilot as he calls himself on YouTube. Auto-throttle didn't seem to make any difference either. It was the adjustment on the throttle physically. By moving it back away from max thrust and just bit further (towards you) from Climb. "Speed" appears on one of the HUD displays. The speed adjustment then seems to work.
Razor  [作者] 2023 年 2 月 12 日 下午 12:52 
@garycollins how do you try to change the speed? sounds like an autothrottle issue
garycollins 2023 年 2 月 12 日 上午 1:51 
Only have one issue. Hope it's okay to post it on here) I can't seem to change the speed in Autopilot. Changing the altitude and heading, work perfectly as explained. But to change the airspeed, when I carry this out in exactly the same way. The aircraft just continues at the same speed. I have been trying for 2 hours (yes 2 hours!). Help if you can. I will say that I am using the Game Pass version on a PC and A320 default aircraft
A10_WartHog 2022 年 11 月 17 日 下午 2:54 
As a war-thunder player, i say Defend The D Point!!! ( Very good job in Ground RB Slang )
Rajsta 2021 年 9 月 22 日 下午 2:31 
Who here still loves reading guides instead of youtube vids you need to keep pausing and pausing and rewinding and pausing and rewinding. ME! great stuff
Wagsii 2021 年 5 月 1 日 下午 5:18 
I skipped all the optional instructions to see if it would work, as I felt like my plane would not have enough instruction to change the flight path so I was actually lined up with the runway. As expected, when I was getting close to the airport, my plane was still following the original IFR plan, which will take me to the airport, but not at the correct angle. I disengaged autopilot, lined myself up with the runway, and manually landed the plane.

Did I not set up the flight plan correctly in the main menu?
Either way, in the future, I will probably just follow the guidelines in the first optional section, because that will definitely get things going correctly.

Thank you for this very clear and concise guide!
popspilot 2021 年 2 月 9 日 上午 10:47 
please edit it in french