Blood is filtered at the glomerulus through Bowman’s capsule. Blood cells and large molecules remain in the blood and small molecules, salts and water enter the proximal tubule. Glucose is actively taken back to the blood through the wall of the proximal tubule. The filtrate then enters the loop of Henle where a countercurrent mechanism uses active transport (ascending limb) and osmosis causes a concentration gradient of ions down the loop of Henle (towards the medulla). The filtrate then enters the distal tubule where its other ions are removed. The urine can be made more acidic here. It then enters the collecting tubule which is not permeable to water unless stimulated by ADH. ADH causes it to be permeable to water as it descends past the loop of Henle in the medulla. This then leads to a concentration of the urine by osmosis.

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+rep awesome trader! :D